Human Development Index 2020

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite indicator to measure the development achievements of human life quality. In 1990, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) developed HDI to emphasize the importance of humans and its resources in development. HDI is measured by geometric means of three main dimensions of human development, namely long and healthy life, education, and a decent standard of living. The long and healthy life dimension is measured by life expectancy at birth. The education dimension is measured by average length of schooling for residents aged 25 years and above, and the expected length of schooling for residents aged 7 years. Meanwhile, the dimensions of the standard of living are feasible to be measured by adjusted per capita expenditure. Since 2010 Indonesia HDI has been growing consistently. In 2020 Indonesia, the HDI growth in national and regional level faced the challenge by growing slowly due to COVID-19 pandemic that surged in Indonesia and most countries in the world. The slowdown of HDI growth mainly caused by slowing down in life expectancy and education, as well as the decrease of per capita real expenditure as the consequence of economic contraction.